Planning in my neighborhood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Planning in my neighborhood - Essay Example The neighbourhood has also been envisioned with curvilinear streets, its area about 160 acres, with 10 units per acre and with about 5,000 to 9,000 residents (Perry, 1948). It is also ideal that the neighbourhood has about 10% of its area as parks or open space for recreation and enjoyment, and the school should have a play area, a community centre and church. My neighbourhood – Darling Heights, a suburb in Toowoomba City, Queensland, has about 5,035 2006 population (Australia Bureau of Statistics). Darling Heights is bordered by Drayton in the west, Kearneys Spring to the east, and Harristown to the north. Its local government is the Toowoomba Region. Toowoomba is a mountain city located southeast of Queensland and about 127 km west of the capital Brisbane. The climate is pleasant and has an altitude of an average 700 metres above sea level (Toowoomba, 2009). *How was it developed: what is the history of your neighbourhood? Hall (1975) acknowledged that â€Å"Modern urban an d regional planning has arisen in response to specific social and economic problems which in turn were triggered off by the Industrial Revolution at the end of the 18th century.† The earliest human settlements were near rivers or bodies of water. These are villages with houses grouped together around a square. The square served as a meeting place or for religious purposes. It may have a shrine and the settlement may be surrounded by a wall for protection. The water source provides water supply or fertile land if not rich hunting grounds. These were seen as early examples of town planning of which location and design suited the purposes of the community (Lecture). Morris (1979) suggested that the oldest planned settlements are Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa in Pakistan. The history of Darling Heights is closely linked with Toowoomba. It dates back to 1827 when English explorer Allan Cunningham discovered a rich Farming Land and named it Darling Downs (Toowoomba, 2009). Drayton, a nea rby suburb, was settled as early as 1842. Toowoomba was earlier called the Swamp, and it was listed a municipality in 1860, a township in 19892, and a city by 1904 (Toowoomba, 2009). The Toowoomba Regional Council is tasked at planning and managing the Darling Heights and other areas of Toowoomba. They oversee building and development, infrastructure planning as well as delivery and local area planning. It consults with the community to ensure that council planning reflects their ideal vision for the region. Coverage includes the schemes and infrastructure for stormwater, sewerage, transport and water supply networks (Toowoomba Regional Council, 2011). *How well does it work – i.e. legibility, connectivity, accessibility, etc.? My neighbourhood in Darling Heights has a comprehensively planned lay-out. Within an estimated 170 acres area, this Toowoomba neighbourhood has a church, a school, some small commercial establishments, as well as a few large ones. Within the community, there are small streets that allow pedestrians. However, there are major streets that cross within the community which provides risks for residents. Connectivity is the ease or manner of which residents in an area move from one point to another or access areas which may have direct or indirect implication in their community life and existence (Saura and Pascual-Hortal, 2006). The

Ford Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ford - Case Study Example Some of the subsidiaries include Mazda, jaguar, land rover, Aston martin, Volvo that were later sold off to other companies. The company has an employee capacity of about 213, 0000 employees globally that are distributed in its more than 90 plants and centers globally. The company is ranked among the top five globally leading manufacturers of automobile. In America it is the second largest vehicles manufacturer, in Europe it is the fifth and is ranked eighth among all companies in America. During its initial stages the company produced a few vehicle models but has increased the models over the years to be more than fifty models. The company financial statements have been good withstanding the great depression, recession, bailouts and other difficulty periods. However the company encountered challenges in the 2000s which led to a decline in its finances and encountered huge loses and declined market share. The company’s mission states â€Å"one ford, one team, one plan, one goal† which emphasizes the need for employees to work together as a team with a common goal of achieving success, profitability, fulfilling customers wants and needs under the changing global competition and technology. The company is committed to offer support to the community on various platforms for example education, agriculture sector and food banks. It invests highly in education which the company believes is important for future growth. The company has remained under family cont rol from one generation to the next for more than 100 years. However the family has a minority share holding. The ford motor company experienced serious financial problems between 2000 and 2008 which resulted to a lot of changes within the organization. The problems were as a result of both environmental and organizational issues. The problems brought by environmental issues included, one, intense competition from other automobile manufacturers in the world which saw the company’s market share decline

Synthesis of nickel complexes

Synthesis of nickel complexes Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the Ligand exchange that occurs when different Nickel complexes and reacted with Triphenylphosphine. Introduction Triphenylphosphine was first prepared by Pfeiffer and Sauvage in 1904 Experimental Triphenylphosphine (1.408g) was dissolved under reflux with Propan-2-ol (15cm3) forming a colourless solution to which 5 boiling chips were added. Nickel chloride hexahydrate (0.603g) was dissolved in absolute Ethanol (10cm3) and heated until a green/yellow solution formed. This solution was poured into the reaction mixture through the condenser. Immediately the solution turned dark green, the solution was refluxed for a further 6mins. The reaction was removed from the heat and allow to cool for 4mins, a dark precipitate was visible in the flask. The warm solution was filtered under suction to collect the dark blue/green crystals which were washed with ice cooled absolute ethanol (1x10cm3 + 1x3cm3). Once dry the boiling chips were removed with a spatula and the crystals were transferred to a n open sample vial and dried in the desiccator for a week. A further solution of Triphenylphosphine (1.410g) and Propan-2-ol (15cm3) was made and set to reflux as before. Sodium thiocyanate (0.601g) was dissolved in Ethanol (11cm3), to this nickel nitrate hexahydrate (0.773g) was added. The flask was warmed until all the green solid has dissolved and a white solid has formed. Once cooled the solution was filtered under suction and the Filtrate (aqua blue liquid in Buchner flask) was added to the refluxing Triphenylphosphine through the condenser. Immediately the solution turned blood red/brown. The solution was refluxed for a further 7mins and then cooled for 5 mins. The warm solution was filtered under suction and the orange/ red crystals washed with ice cooled Ethanol ( 1x10cm3 + 1x8cm3). Once dry the boiling chips were removed as before and the crystals were transferred to the desiccator for a week. Results and discussion Triphenylphosphine + Propan-2-ol+ Nickle Chloride hexahydrate + Ethanol à   Bis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(II)chloride P(C6H5)3 + C3H7OH + NICl2.6H2O + C2H5OH à   C36H30Cl2NiP2 Triphenylphosphine + Propan-2-ol+ Nickle Chloride hexahydrate + Ethanol à   Bis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(II)chloride P(C6H5)3 + C3H7OH + NaSCN + C2H5OH + Ni(H2O)6](NO3)2 à   [Ni(PPh3)2](NCS)2 Equations XM = Molar magnetic susceptibility (cgs units) C= Calibration constant = 1.044 L= Length of sample (cm units) R= Balance reading with FULL samples tube Ro= Balance reading with EMPTY sample tube M= Relative molecular weight of sample m= Mass of samples (units grams) XM = XM- (diamagnetic correction) XM = Corrected Molar susceptibility XM = Molar magnetic susceptibility (cgs units) Diamagnetic correction = Calculated from literature table of diamagnetic corrections (Xd)  µeff= Magnetic moment (units Bohr Magneton (BM)) XM = Corrected Molar susceptibility T= Temperature (units Kelvin (K)) Calculations XM = 294.0798111 x10-6 Diamagnetic correction (data obtained from Inorganic Chemistry CMB004 d-block Chemistry Laboratory course 2009-10 page 14) Compound: [Ni(PPh3)2Cl2] Diamagnetic correction = (-13 x10-6) + (-46 x10-6) + (-400 x10-6) = -459 x10-6 XM = XM- (diamagnetic correction) XM = 294.07981110-6 -(- 459) x10-6 = 753.07981110-6  µeff =1.33 BM Complex B showed a magnetic moment decrease of -055 to -073 on the first measurement so I re ran the measurement.

Total Quality Management In Construction Essay -- essays research pape

Total Quality Management In Construction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The major new element in world market competition is quality. During the 1970's and 1980's, the Japanese and their U.S. companies demonstrated that high quality is achievable at lower costs and greater customer satisfaction. It was the result of using the management principles of total quality management (TQM). More and more U.S. companies have demonstrated that such achievements are possible Using TQM as a new way to manage. Such companies also found that they were recognized with everyone pulling in the same direction. Improvement had become a way of live.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Improving competitive position and profit has always been the responsibility of management. Before the 1980's, U.S. management was broadly successful. Until then the dominant management model was that of the autocrat. Management, primly senior management, decided how the business was to operate, including what the policies and objectives were; how it was organized; what jobs were established; and how should they be done. It was an unquestioned axiom that if everyone did what the upper management required, the business would be successful.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Organizations are composed of the people in them and the managers who lead them. People respond strongly to leadership expectations and rewards. If they are given little power in their jobs, they have little interest in improving them. If leaders exhort the members for better output but reward (promotions, bonuses, recognition) for mostly higher output, they get the behavior they reward. Quantity over quality has been a common management philosophy in the United States.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first step in implementing TQM requires the an upper-management change in both philosophy and behavior. Managers must adopt the objectives of customer satisfaction and continuous improvement. They must implement the change to achieve these objectives through their personal and continuous involvement and in the reeducation of everyone in the organization in TQM principles and practices. The past philosophy of management can work reasonably well if a company dominates world markets. When markets become complex and worldwide with more and stronger competitors, a new model is needed. Asian companies and some in the United States have demonstra... ...d competent people, let them do there job. No one knows about the job than the person directly involved with it. 8.Training   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The outcome of training is modified behavior. It may be enhanced interpersonal skills or specific manual skills, but there is a direct, identifiable modification. Training need not consist solely of traditional classroom instruction. Employees can train other employees very effectively.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A company-wide curriculum should be developed that address the needs of each department. Courses should be just long enough to be effective. Anything over three or four days is unlikely to immediately be absorbed into daily work habits. Immediate reinforcement of the training is necessary to be effective. Bibliography 1. R. Stein, The Next Phase of Total Quality Management., Macel Dekker, Inc.,1994. 2. T. Cartin, Principles and Practices of TQM., ASQC Quality Press.,1993. 1. W. Schmidt and J. Finnigan, TQManager., Jossey-Bass Publishers., 1993. 1. B.Brocka and S. Brocka, Quality Management: Implementing The Best Ideas Of the Masters. Irwin, Inc.,1992. 2. H. Kerzner, Project Managment., Van Nostrand Reinhold.,1992.

Race, Gender and Ethnicity Problems in Education Essay

Education has faced race, gender and ethnic problems for many years. This continuous problem in all most likelihood will not be solved. Educational issues involving race, gender, and ethnicity of all schools will always cause controversy in society as long as there is prejudice and hatred. Education should not look at ones race. We are who we are because that is the way that God intended us to be. Many blacks are prejudice and have hatred in their hearts for things that happen in the past that this generation has no control over. I believe that we all are equal and should be treated equal in every aspect. Every race has a right to the best educational opportunity available. Admittance in to a University should not be based on race; it should be based on the highest academic grade averages. Blacks, whites, Hispanics, and any other race should have the same opportunities. In my opinion if some, one of a certain race should not take priority over academic standings. However, on the other hand many black are very lazy and want to sit back and wait for the white society to give them every thing on a silver platter. Please do not take this comment in the wrong way, I am not a prejudice person, several of my best friends are black. In my opinion, this is why there is such a social and economical break down in the black society. Blacks have the same social and economical opportunities as whites or any other race or gender; it is just a matter of wanting to take advantage of opportunities and being willing to help their self. I totally disagree with the fact that students that come from an inner city school get the worse education. My children go to an inner city school and they are very much up to state standards for their grade level. In fact, Social Circle scored in the ninety percentile for the 2002 state graduation test. Social Circle City School is sixty-five percent black population. In conclusion, race, gender and ethic background should not make a difference in the type or quality of education that a child receives. All should be treated equal. If a black child earns a placement over a white child then  give them the placement. The same if the roles where switched. We need to stop making a difference in race, gender, and the ethnicity of students and treat them all equal according to their ability.

Isolation of Vibrations Caused By Human Sources Essay

There are many different forms of vibrations that occur on account of human interactions and human involvement. In theory, these vibrations could cause a lot of problems for those who are trying to manage their buildings and structures. There are many different types of vibrations that can be caused by humans. These types of vibrations can include vibrations from trains, cars, airplanes, people who are outside of the structure, and the vibrations caused by small equipment. There are many different things that are done to structures in order to improve their ability to be able to handle the vibrations that are available for both inside the structure as well as what are available when building the structure. These precautions can help the building to be able to withstand the vibrations without causing structural damage or problems. The objectives will be to look at the overall importance of structures being able to withstand vibrations as well as the general knowledge that is needed in order to ensure that the vibrations do not cause structural damage in any form. Through Chapter 2 a literature review this report will look at the various reports and information that are available about vibrations and the various types of vibrations. The report will also look at the different types of problems that could occur within the structure as a result of the vibrations. The various types of precautions that are used to reduce the likelihood of structural damage from vibrations will also be looked at. As will the information that is new and shows the new research and technology that is available. This will all be done through a thorough review of the literature that has been written about the subject. In Chapter 3 the theory being discussed is the idea that structures are subject to a variety of vibrations at all times on account of human interaction with the structures. The theory is that there needs to be precautionary measures taken in order for the structures to be able to withstand the vibrations and therefore not have any structural damage as a result. These types of precautions can include both structural improvements within the structure as well as protecting certain parts of the structure. There are many different types of precautions that can be made and all of them have their own ways of protection for the structure from the dangerous vibrations. However there are many new things being developed through technology that could vastly improve the structure’s chances of withstanding the harmful vibrations. In Chapter 4 a lot of research will go into this report on how these improvements which will be discussed through the previous chapters can truly be the most affective. Analytical analysis of the problems as the solutions as well as the benefits of new technology will be discussed. Both the positive and negative aspects of said reports will be looked at and in the end the structures involved will be able to have the best structural chances possible at this time. These conclusions will be brought forth by information that has been researched and reviewed and through the process of analytical thinking to come up with ways that there can be improvements as well as things that should be continued or discontinued based on their probability of working. Through Chapter 5 it will be noted as to how the conclusions were made in Chapter 4. It will discuss the ideas, thoughts and theories behind the analytical conclusions and how these things were processed. This section will discuss the key points and the validity of the conclusions that were discussed in the previous chapter as well as how these things can be beneficial in being able to make further structural improvements. In Chapter 6 there will be a summary of the information included in the paper. There will also be conclusions that were obtained through the research as well as the information that will help to improve the structural components in being able to identify and withstand varying levels of vibrations. The main purpose of this report will be able to offer information that can be used in order to be able to better manage the overall design concepts and challenges in relations to being able to assist in having structures that can better withstand varying levels of vibrations.